#1
SUBJECT, VERB, COMPLEMENT, MODIFIER
-
SUBJECT :
A. The
subject is the agent of the sentence in the active voice, subject is the person
or thing that does the action of the sentence and subject normally precedes the
verb.
B. The
subject may be a noun phrase. A noun phrase is a group of words ending with a
noun. (it can't begin with a preposition).
Subjekadalahbagiandarikalimatdalamkalimataktif,
orang ataubenda yang melakukantindakan, dansubjekbiasanyamendahului kata kerja.
-
VERB :
A. The
verb follows the subject, it generally shows the action of the sentence.
B. The
verb maybe a verb phrase. A verb phrase consists of one or more auxiliaries and
one main verb. The auxiliaries always precede the main verb.
Predikatialahmengikutisubjek,
padaumumnyamenunjukkansuatutindakan.
-
COMPLEMENT :
A
complement completes the verb. It is similar to the subject because it's
usually a noun or noun phrase,
However, it generally follows the verb when the sentence in the active voice.
Sebuah
kata pelengkap yang melengkapi kata kerja. Hal
inimiripdengansubjekkarenabiasanyaberupa kata benda, Namun, kata
pelengkappadaumumnyamengikutiverbadalamkalimataktif.
-
MODIFIER
A. Tells
the time, place or manner of the action. Very often it's a prepositional
phrase. Prepotional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition
and ends with a noun.
B. The
modifier normally follows the complement, but not always. However, the
modifier, especially when it's a prepositional phrase, usually can't separate
the verb and the complement.
Kata keteranganmenerangkanwaktu,
tempatataucaratindakan.
CONTOH
:
1. George
/ is cooking / dinner / tonight
subject / verb phrase/ complement /
modifier of time
Dari kalimatdiatasdidapatkanbahwa :
o
Subject = George, karena George adalah
orang yang melakukantindakan (dalamhaliniyaitumemasak).
o
Verb = Cooking, sebagai kata kerja yang
dilakukanoleh George.
o
Complement = Dinner, sebagai kata
pelengkapuntuk kata kerjadari cooking.
o
Modifier = Tonight, sebagai kata
keterangantempatatauwaktu (dalamhalini yang digunakanadalahketeranganwaktu /
modifier of time).
#2
VERB PHRASE
Verb phrase merupakan kata
kerjaberbentukfrasesehinggatidakhanyaditulishanyasatu kata kerjasaja.
Contoh:
o
I have a pencil.
o
I have bought a pencil.
Di kalimatpertama, kitamenjumpai
verb yaitu have. Sedangkan, di kalimat yang kedua, kitamenjumpai verb phrase
yaitu have bought. Phrase ataufrasetentutidakhanyaterdiridarisatu kata
sajabukan? So kalaubegitu, kesimpulannyaadalah verb phrase merupakan verb yang
tidakhanyaterdiridarisatu kata. Namun, tetapberfungsisebagai verb.
Beberapa verb phrase
antara lain adalah, is watching, is sleeping, was taking, have taught, have
been sleeping, danmasihbanyaklagi. Menggunakanpenjelasan di bawahini,
sayaakanmenjabarkanapasajabentuk-bentuk verb phrase di dalambahasaInggris.
A. Auxiliary Verb (Be) +
Present Participle (-Ing form)
Auxiliary verbs (be)
disinimaksudnyaadalah is, am, are, was, dan were. Sedangkan present participle
yaitu kata kerja yang ditambahkanakhiran –ing. Bentukinidigunakanpada present
dan past continuous tense.
Contoh:
1. I was sleeping when
you called me.
2. She is taking a
bath.
3. He is talking with
me.
Bisa dilihat kata yang
sayagarisbawahi. Di dalamnyaterdapat be verbs ditambahdengan present
participle. Itulah verbs phrase.
B. Auxiliary verb (have) +
Past Participle (Verb 3)
Auxiliary verbs
disiniterbagimenjadiduayaitu have, has, dan had (past). Sedangkan past
participle, biasakitakenaldengansebutan kata kerjabentukketiga.
Bentuksepertiinidigunakanuntuk present dan past perfect. Seperticontoh di atas,
yang sayagarisbawahiberikutinimerupakan verb phrase.
Contoh:
1. I have planned to
go to Europe.
2. She has cleaned the
room.
3. They had taken the
medicine.
C. Auxiliary verb (have
been) + Present Participle (-Ing form)
Selanjutnya, kitamenggunakan
auxiliary verbs dengancakupan have been, has been, dan had been (past).
Kemudianditambahdengan present participle atau kata kerjaberakhiran –ing.
Inimerupakanbentukdari present dan past perfect continuous tense.
Contoh:
1. She has been waiting for
you for three hours.
2. They had been cleaning this
room.
3. I have been staying in
this house for these three years.
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